The Chicago sound artist follows up his landmark 2002 noise opus with a 95-minute behemoth that’s even more brutally unrelenting.

As incongruous as the concept of an “influential harsh noise record” might sound, Kevin Drumm’s 2002 album Sheer Hellish Miasma is the most influential harsh noise record of the 21st century. When scumfuckers like Wolf Eyes and Hair Police were painting America’s bloody noise underground with the rotted hues of VHS horror in the early ’00s, Chicago’s Drumm, a fellow traveler and seasoned sound artist, emerged with something sleeker and sharper. Instead of lurking behind the scene’s juvenile-hall notebook scribbles and spray-painted CD-Rs, Sheer Hellish Miasma came packaged in the clinical house design of Austrian electronic label Mego. The music wasn’t “damaged” or “limping” or “wounded” like the best American noise at the time, but was instead assured and even clinical, like the work of European laptop futzers PitaFennesz, or Russell HaswellSheer Hellish Miasma was ostensibly a guitar record inspired by Nordic black metal, but you would be forgiven for thinking the otherworldly tumult was made by mouse clicks and mania alone; its longform squalls resemble blizzards, static, roiling fires, sputtering hard drives, or a corpse-painted band in a sound clash with a wood chipper.

As a noise record that simultaneously channeled ambient, drone, and extreme metal, Sheer Hellish Miasma had unlikely reach. The Wire dubbed it a noise-music classic in a 2004 primer, and then—six months later—claimed its centrality to something they called “Subterranean Metal,” breaking containment in the middle of Sunn O))) mania. Artists from the fringes of dark ambient techno—Helmthe Haxan CloakSamuel Kerridge—would throw Drumm into their DJ mixes. Iranian composer Siavash Amini called the 2002 record “the noise album that convinced me noise could be compositional, as well as visceral, and sometimes improvisational.” Reissued in 2007 and again in 2010, Sheer Hellish Miasma just kept on glorping its way across the underground like Larry Cohen’s The Stuff. But Drumm busied himself with quieter and more desolate works: 2008’s cavernous voidsuite Imperial Distortion, 2009’s gorgeous odyssey Imperial Horizon, 2014’s confrontationally quiet Trouble, and the mountains of deliberately paced sound art posted to his Bandcamp page.

Though Drumm never completely shied away from noise, it was Erstwhile Records founder Jon Abbey who convinced him to venture back into the frostbitten tundras of his most famous nightmare. The imposing sequel Sheer Hellish Miasma II—95 minutes long, spread across two discs—certainly feels like the Drumm of a particular vintage: CD-only, blocky black-and-gold artwork, Nmperign’s Greg “Dana Flugel” Kelley returning for guest trumpet (good luck locating exactly where). But Drumm’s credits—“electronics, tapes, microphone, computer assistance”—are notably missing the original’s crucial ingredients, “guitar” and “pedals.” Instead of emulating the brushstrokes of the former, Drumm is building a pure noise wall and painting a Picasso on it.

“Exorcism,” the first of two very long tracks, is nearly 43 merciless minutes of monolithic, deafening, blown-the-fuck-out blasting that makes the original album seem as dynamic as Haydn’s “Surprise” symphony. It’s less refined but just as blood-curdling, closer to the “harsh noise wall” antics of artists like the Cherry Point and the Rita, akin to the way Lou Reed’s feedback symphony Metal Machine Music feels like hundreds of robot crabs fighting their way out of a bucket. Moving from boil to simmer to lava eruption, it’s an absolute chest-clutching terror at high volumes. Its highly layered, clashing collisions teem with phantom screams, like the “Well to Hell” urban legend. The second and final track, the 52-minute “Icepick,” is somewhat closer in form to the original Sheer Hellish Miasma—if only in that it sounds like furious tremolo guitar riffage when it doesn’t sound like ball bearings raining on sheet metal. A deep Earth-style doom drone swirling with mutating and spasming digital noise, it decays and decelerates, then kicks back into gear with a giant blast. It may be the only song where the “mosh part” comes at the 29-minute mark.

As far as sequels go, Sheer Hellish Miasma II is less Jay and Silent Bob Reboot and more Twin Peaks: The Return—sure, you might recognize the characters, but the sheer impenetrability of the work lets you know the director is clearly on some other shit. If you appreciated the original for its nuance, its gorgeously pixellated textures, or the way it blurred the lines between Merzbow and Motörhead, prepare to be disappointed. But if you liked Sheer Hellish Miasma for the feeling of staring down a running leafblower, get ready for your face to be blown back by the best organic Botox money can buy.


 
 
 
In aiming to write a rock opera for the playlist era, Will Toledo crafts some of his band’s most inspired compositions—but weighs them down with a confusing plot and endless stylistic changeups.

More than most bands that began in the backseat of the family car, Car Seat Headrest seem well-suited for a high-concept rock opera. From the band’s earliest days, when the project was just Will Toledo recording alone in Virginia, songs were never just as simple as singer and subject—his 2011 album Twin Fantasy was a romantic epic sheepishly masquerading as a ramshackle emo record. His 2020 record Making a Door Less Open was essentially a treatise on fame itself, and culminated in Toledo adopting the persona “Trait,” a gas-masked, bunny-eared protagonist previously introduced in a Car Seat Headrest side project called 1 Trait Danger. When Car Seat Headrest began teasing their new record, The Scholars, via an alternate reality game-style website, it felt like an appropriately elaborate rollout for a band who’s rarely taken reality at face value.

And yet, Toledo was hesitant to dive head-on into the full-scale world-building of a rock opera. To hear him tell it, he seemed afraid that he might stumble into one of the genre’s many pitfalls. “You pull something off of The Wall—it’s not necessarily going to be banging on its own. It needs that context,” he told the podcast How Long Gone. “I like when you can pull a song out and have that individual piece.” It’s a brutal assessment of Pink Floyd, though it comes from a deep respect (the original version of Twin Fantasy’s “High to Death” interpolated “Jugband Blues,” after all).

On The Scholars, every song aims to be an “Another Brick in the Wall Pt. 2”—nine self-contained epics that, Toledo hopes, will sum to a greater whole. But overburdened by a confusing plot, with no room for a listener to digest the bevvy of settings and characters he’s just introduced, The Scholars is mired in and muddied by the madcap impulses of its creator, drowning out what would otherwise be some of the band’s most inspired, experimental compositions to date. The Scholars is a rock opera for the playlist era; it wants to contain both a richly textured narrative—with all the character development, internal motivations, and rising and falling action required therein—and also nine songs that can stand alone, plucked out of context and jutted up against whatever other songs happen to land on Spotify’s autoplay.

So, the plot: The Scholars takes us to the imaginary Parnassus University, where we meet a cast of students who are all on parallel searches for meaning: our narrator, the Chanticleer; Beolco, a playwright who’s paranoid his best ideas are behind him: “A thousand ideas piled up in the tomb,” he says on “CCF (I’m Gonna Stay With You)”; Devereaux, the “son of a backwaters religious conservative” who hopes to find higher meaning on the libertine lawns of the American university (“Devereaux”); and Rosa, a medical student who can revive the dead (“Gethsemane”). There is also, of course, a local community based on dressing in furs and feathers (“Lady Gay Approximately”), which I’ll let the Redditors decipher.

These plot points matter as much as you care to listen closely: There are pivotal moments in the form of a deadly plant and clown raid that I somehow missed in the first listen, too distracted by the stylistic changeups and clouded metaphors crammed into every song. Most of the key narrative drivers are buried in liner notes on the lyric sheet but aren't represented anywhere in the music. Certain songs carry enough momentum to warrant repeat listens out of the album context: “The Catastrophe (Good Luck With That, Man)” takes the familiar punk-leaning pop shape that has defined Car Seat Headrest, the chiming strums of an acoustic guitar giving way to drum fills, reverb, and Toledo’s fuzzy, clipped vocals. The same goes for “True/False Lover,” which careens from guitar solo to verse with the practiced ease of someone who’s spent the past 15 years writing hooks.

But the preceding three songs, which range from 10 minutes on the short end to 18 at the longest, test the premise of the album and the patience of the listener. “Gethsemane” begins quietly with just a synth and Toledo’s voice; “Reality” brings to mind Air’s Moon Safari; “Planet Desperation” is the most forthrightly self-serious, with somber piano and the slow beat of a kick drum. Yet they all manage to wind up in about the same place at their halfway points—stuttering prog interludes, towering electric guitar solos, belted refrains that seem to come out of nowhere and fade just as quickly. Storylines are lost in the mayhem: I feel like I’m catching the plot but then as soon as guitarist Ethan Ives, as Parnassus’ Liberal Arts school dean Hyacinth, sings “I would go out/But there’s a world war,” I feel totally lost again. It’s almost impressive how much these disparate modes seem to converge on a central sound, and how much that sound boils down to: play loud, play fast, repeat. There’s a reason, it seems, that The Wall includes comparatively quieter tracks like “Empty Spaces” or “One of My Turns”—if every song needs to stand alone, they each require some sort of internal climax, a summit that feels exhausting to climb song after song.

Still, The Scholars is filled with compelling experimentation and glimpses of greater potential. Toledo’s voice sounds stronger than ever here, warmly recorded in analog, and songs like “Devereaux,” which lean into power pop influences like the Cars and Cheap Trick, feel like the most successful attempt to combine narrative with concise songcraft. “CCF,” one of the album’s standout songs, sounds like a potential future path for Car Seat Headrest—one that introduces elements of jazz and funk to his fundamentally scrappy sound without overpowering it with heavy-handed signifiers and seemingly endless trips up and down the neck of his guitar. Car Seat Headrest is a band almost predestined for the kind of high-stakes storytelling a rock opera requires—if only Toledo could let his own ideas breathe.

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